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Diagnostic Manual
go along with the system. The EPA applied this
new technology to make the servicing of the vehi-
cles easier.
In 1996, SAE introduced their second generation
of On-Board Diagnostics, formally known as
OBD-II. The goal of the new system was to have
new error codes known as Diagnostic Trouble
Codes (DTC) that would be universal to all
vehicles. These codes were also designed to be
read by any OBD-II scan tool. The codes start with
one letter and four numbers, for example P7890.
Manufacturers were also allowed to add their own
codes pertaining to their own models on top of
the required ones. This systemwas soon adopted
by the US government, which required all
vehicles to be manufactured with OBD-II begin-
ning January 1st, 1996.
On Board Diagnostics has come a long way since
the idea was contemplated back in the early
1960’s. It’s amazing to see how a small idea that
ON BOARD DIAGNOSIS (OBD)
3
initially only pertaining to California State laws
because of the smog issue grew into a nation-
wide requirement. The OBD system is great be-
cause it has proven over the time, how valuable it
is, not only to the environment but to the techni-
cians as well. This system has greatly reduced
emissions and diagnostic time.
In India, as per the gazette released by Ministry of
Road & Transportation, the vehicles of the gross
vehicle weight not exceeding by 3500 kg shall be
equipped with On Board Diagnostic OBD - I sys-
tems for emission control, which shall have the
capability of identifying the likely area of malfunc-
tions by means of fault codes stored in the ECU’s
memory.
In India, the OBD-I system is adopted from 1st
April’2010 & OBD-II system is adopted from 1st
April’2013 onwards for all BSIV compliant
vehicles.
ALL POSITIVE IGNITION VEHICLES
OBD MONITORING ITEM
MONITORING ITEMS
INDIAN OBD-I
INDIAN OBD-II
VEHICLES ON & FROM VEHICLES ON & FROM
Catalyst
NA
1st April’2013
Misfire
NA
1st April’2013
Oxygen Sensor
1st April’2010
1st April’2013
Secondary Air System
1st April’2010
1st April’2013
(If Provided)
Coolant Temperature
1st April’2010
1st April’2013
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (if provided)
1st April’2010
1st April’2013
Fuel Tank Leakage & Evaporation
NA
1st April’2013
Fuel System
NA
1st April’2013
Emission Control System/Components
NA
1st April’2013
Circuit Continuity for all emission
1st April’2010
1st April’2013
related Power train components
Distance traveled Since Malfunction
1st April’2010
1st April’2013
Indicator lamp (MIL) ‘ON’